Tibetan Land
It is the traditional homeland of the Tibetan people as
well as some other ethnic groups such as Monpas, Qiang, and Lhobas, and is now
also inhabited by considerable numbers of Han and Hui people. Tibet is the
highest region on earth, with an average elevation of 4,900 metres (16,000 ft).
Tibet emerged in the 7th century as a unified empire, but
it soon divided into a variety of territories. The bulk of western and central
Tibet were often at least nominally unified under a series of Tibetan
governments in Lhasa, Shigatse, or nearby locations; these governments were at
various times under Mongol and Chinese overlordship. The eastern regions of
Kham and Amdo often maintained a more decentralized indigenous political
structure, being divided among a number of small principalities and tribal
groups, while also often falling more directly under Chinese rule; most of this
area was eventually incorporated into the Chinese provinces of Sichuan
andQinghai. Following the collapse of the Qing dynasty in 1912, Qing soldiers
were disarmed and escorted out of Tibet. The region declared its independence
in 1913. The region maintained its autonomy until 1951 when, following a
military conflict, Tibet was incorporated into thePeople's Republic of China
(PRC) and the previous Tibetan government was abolished in 1959.[1] Today, the
PRC governs western and central Tibet as the Tibet Autonomous Region while
eastern areas are mostly within Sichuan and Qinghai provinces. There are
tensions regarding Tibet's political status[2] and dissident groups are active
in exile.[3]
The economy of Tibet is dominated by subsistence
agriculture, though tourism has become a growing industry in Tibet in recent
decades. The dominant religion in Tibet is Tibetan Buddhism, in addition there
is Bönwhich was the indigenous religion of Tibet before the arrival of Buddhism
in the 7th century CE (Bön is now similar to Tibetan Buddhism [4]) though there
are also Muslim and Christian minorities. Tibetan Buddhism is a primary influence
on the art, music, and festivals of the region. Tibetan architecture reflects
Chinese and Indian influences. Staple foods in Tibet are roasted barley, yak
meat, and butter tea.
Tibet, a rich and beautiful land, is located at the main
part of Qinghai-Tibet plateau, south-West frontier of China. Tibet borders with
Sichuan, Yuannan, Qinghai And Xinjiang; to the south contiguous to India,
Nepal, Sikkim, Bhutan and Burma, and bounded by Kashmir on the west.
When the word Tibet is mentioned something icy chils the
readers' nerves. In fact it snows only once or twice in a year and owing to the
perpetuity of bright sunshine, it is not at all cold during the daytime even in
the coldest of the winter. Tibet is so sunny that it produces a year-round
sunshine of over 3,000 hours in a year. Its old name-"land of snow" -
the name by which Tibet is almost popilary known as, is always thickly covered
with snow with hardly any signs Of inhabitation. In fact, it is correct only
when it is referred to the world greatest ranges located in Ima, the Tisi, and
like. These ranges, run by leaps and bounds across the country showing their
beautiful snow covered peaks against the bluest of skies.
Geographically, Tibet can be divided into three majoy
parts, the east, north and south. The eastern part is forest region, occupying
approximately one-fourth of the land. Virgin forests run The entire breadth and
length of this part of Tibet. The northern part is open grassland, where nomads
and yak and sheep dwell here. This part occupies approximately half of Tibet.
The southern and central part is agricultural region, occupying about
one-fourth of Tibet's land area. with all major Tibetan cities and towns such
as Lhasa, Shigatse, Gyantse ad Tsetang located in this area, it is considered
the cultural center of tibet. The total area of the Tibet Autonomous Region is
1,200,000 square kilometers and its population is 1,890,000. The region is
administratively divided into one municipality and six prefectures. The
municipality is Lhasa, while the six prefectures are Shigatse, Ngari, Lhaoka,
Chamdo, Nakchu and Nyingtri(kongpo). The People's Government of the Tibet
Autonomous Region exercises the hightest adminis-trative authority in Tibet.
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